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The purpose of this paper is to provide a perspective on the distinctive stance of the King Report on Corporate Governance in South Africa, 2016 (King IV) in relation to a number of other codes of corporate governance issued globally.

The paper presents a comparative analysis between King IV and the codes of governance that apply in a select number of the jurisdictions, namely, Australia, Brazil, Malaysia, Nigeria and the UK. The selection of jurisdictions was done with the view of having a sample that is representative of the major global regions. Preference was given to codes that were issued or revised recently. Mention is also made of the G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance where appropriate.

The conclusion reached in this paper is that King IV is distinctive from the codes compared to it in this paper in six respects. These include that King IV defines corporate governance as accountable leadership instead of it being a system only and is drafted for positive outcomes instead of compliance; proposes an application regime that is qualitative instead of quantitative; integrates sustainable development into its model for corporate governance instead of treating sustainability as an ad hoc-matter; has applicability across the ecosystem of all organisations instead of limited application to listed or larger companies; and has a has built in a social value system to harness broad public support instead of reliance on bottom-down enforcement.

The implications of the distinct approach to corporate governance in King IV are explained in the paper and should serve as a premise to reconsider whether the more traditional approaches to corporate governance code development are still appropriate in light of the learning as evidenced in King IV.

Survivability capital is a unique resource resulting from the “familiness” constituting an inherent feature of family firms. Familiness represents the ability of family members to reinforce the financial and non-financial resources of businesses facing threats to their economic existence. This work proposes and examines various dimensions of the survivability capital construct, verifying whether family firms expecting deterioration of their economic situation or problems with survival due to the COVID-19 crisis can mobilise sufficient capital to survive.

This article provides empirical evidence based on a cross-sectional online survey of 167 Polish family firms, conducted at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. The method (scale) of survivability capital measurement was elaborated and validated using principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Next, the mobilisation of the different dimensions of survivability capital was examined using PLS-SEM modelling.

The survivability capital of family firms is composed of two dimensions: internal (based on directly involved family members) and external (based on not directly involved family members). Family firms facing crisis-induced deterioration of the economic situation engage its internal component. Subsequently, family firms forecasting decreasing probability of survival during a crisis try to engage both the internal and the external components of survivability capital. Such behaviour is in line with the resource-based view as well as with the sustainable family business theory.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine analytically the survivability capital construct. While previous studies mentioned the existence of survivability capital, this study attempts to introduce its various dimensions and test the mobilisation of survivability capital during the COVID-19 crisis.

Superintendents’ agency in the US is shaped by governance systems within education systems. These Education Governance Systems have been in a state of flux and experienced turbulence for twenty years. The professional challenge this research addresses is how do 14 credentialed educational professional African American women superintendents with doctorates and track records of school improvement, navigate the turbulence to empower families, and Empower Young Societal Innovators for Equity, Renewal (EYSIER), Social Mobility, and Peace.

This chapter identifies three aspects of a theory of knowledge to action to emerge from the empirical evidence presented. First, African American women superintendents need to know how to access policy and legislation, how to stay up to date with policy and need to be empowered to challenge policy. Policy has the back of African American women fighting institutionalised racism. Second, African American women superintendents need role models, and mentors with wisdom who can create proactive and mobilising networks across the state and the nation to advocate for and to support the teachers’ and leaders’ professional learning to be the best teachers, leaders and superintendents they can be. Finally, the African American women superintendents who have been self-selecting, or identified as potential future superintendents by current superintendents and schoolboards, need to be part of succession planning that transcends the short elected lives of district school boards. Newly incumbent African American women superintendents need to be empowered by Education Governance Systems to enable them to deliver on their manifestos and track records of outstanding school improvement with the impact strategies they were employed to implement. The impact strategies include promoting high-quality home–school engagement and ensuring all students learn how to learn, are culturally sensitive, ask good questions and solve problems as Young Societal Innovators for Equity and Renewal. The chapter recommends a network of African American women superintendents implements this theory of knowledge to action and that their work is documented, and if successful in optimising students’ learning, and outcomes, disseminated to build capacity for EYSIER.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of the company’s reputation and individual consumer involvement in the relationship between satisfaction, loyalty and willingness to pay more for a product.

The method used is quantitative, by means of a survey with real consumers of automotive services of two vehicle dealerships, whose data were analyzed through linear regression analysis and conditional analysis of moderation.

The authors have identified that the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty and between loyalty and willingness to pay more for a product is entirely moderated by the (high) reputation of the brand and the (high) individual involvement of the consumer.

The study contributes to marketing managers as it demonstrates effect of brand reputation and involvement. Therefore, it is understood that these variables need to be considered in satisfaction surveys, as it has been proven that satisfaction alone cannot explain the variables of business performance (loyalty and willingness to pay).

The greatest innovation of this study is the identification of the total moderation between stated satisfaction and loyalty and between satisfaction and willingness to pay more. It has been demonstrated that high levels of brand reputation coupled with high levels of consumer involvement account for the fully dependent variables.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the interplay of skill-enhancing human resources (HR) practices, innovativeness and firm performance.

Data from 211 valid cases were gathered through an online survey and face-to-face interviews with Albanian tourism firms. Structural equation modeling was implemented to test the proposed hypotheses.

The results suggest that HR training has a positive influence on innovativeness, which in turn affects positively firm performance. Thus, there is a mediation effect of innovativeness in the link between training and performance.

The findings are in line with the strategic perspective on HR management, which suggests that HR practices are likely to indirectly affect firm performance. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the cross-sectional nature of the data.

HR training practices may help tourism firms to increase their innovation orientation and ultimately improve their performance outcomes.

Investigating the mediation role of innovativeness on the relationship between skill-enhancing HR practices and firm performance within the tourism context is the core contribution.

技能增强型人力资源实践和企业绩效：创新的中介作用

此研究的目的是研究技能增强型人力资源（HR）做法, 创新性和公司绩效之间的相互作用。

通过一系列在线调查, 我们收集了211例阿尔巴尼亚旅游行业公司的面对面访谈, 组成有效分析数据。实施结构方程模型以验证所提出的假设。

研究结果表明人力资源培训对创新具有积极的意义。重要的是, 在培训和绩效之间, 创新具有重要的中介作用。

研究结果与人力资源管理的战略观点相当一致, 表明人力资源实践对企业绩效会带来间接的影响。但是, 由于数据具有跨行业性质, 所以在结果的分析上应当采取谨慎的态度。

人力资源的培训可以帮助旅游类的企业提高创新并最终改善其绩效成果。

该项目的核心贡献是研究创新对提高技能的人力资源与公司绩效之间的中介作用。

Prácticas de recursos humanos que mejoran las habilidades y desempeño de la empresa: el papel mediador de la innovación

El propósito de este estudio es investigar la interacción de las prácticas de recursos humanos (RRHH) que mejoran las habilidades, la innovación y el desempeño de la empresa.

Los datos de 211 casos válidos se recopilaron a través de una encuesta en línea y de entrevistas personales con empresas de turismo albanesas. Se implementó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para probar las hipótesis propuestas.

Los resultados sugieren que la formación de RR.HH. tiene una influencia positiva en la innovación, la cual a su vez afecta positivamente al rendimiento de la empresa. Por tanto, existe un efecto mediador de la innovación en la relación entre formación y rendimiento.

Los hallazgos están en línea con la perspectiva estratégica sobre la gestión de RRHH, que sugiere que las prácticas de RRHH pueden afectar indirectamente el desempeño de la empresa. Sin embargo, los resultados deben interpretarse con precaución debido a la naturaleza transversal de los datos.

Las prácticas de formación de RRHH pueden ayudar a las empresas de turismo a aumentar su orientación hacia la innovación y, en última instancia, mejorar sus resultados.

Investigar el papel mediador de la innovación en la relación entre las prácticas de RRHH que mejoran las habilidades y el desempeño de la empresa dentro del contexto turístico es la contribución principal.

Banks in emerging markets such as Brazil provide a wide range of services to companies to facilitate the export process. The objective of the present study was to analyze, from the perspective of Brazilian export companies, the relationships between banking intellectual capital (human and organizational), banking agility, banking technologies and company size in banking service provision.

A sample of 318 Brazilian export companies was surveyed with questionnaires. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling, namely the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) technique and SmartPLS.

Banking intellectual capital affects banking service provision, banking agility mediates the relationship between intellectual capitals and banking service provision and technology does not moderate the relationship between agility and banking service provision. The size of the company does not moderate the relationship between intellectual capital and banking service provision.

This work indicates that intellectual capital and the banking agility strategy are critical in the provision of banking service provision for exports.

This work illustrates the effect of banks' intangible resources on the provision of banking services from the perspective of Brazilian export companies.